Mrs. Dalloway, The Minor Characters, Hugh Whitbread And...

In Mrs. Dalloway, Woolf crafts the minor characters, Hugh Whitbread and Miss Kilman, to symbolize the stereotypes of the different social classes. Hugh Whitbread functions as the embodiment of British aristocratic traditions and ideals while Miss Kilman embodies the lower class. Woolf characterizes Whitbread as a pompous man who is always well dressed, and characters such as Sally Seton observes that Hugh â€Å"represented all that was most detestable in British middle-class life...He was a perfect specimen of the public school type, she said. No country but England could have produced him...Hugh was the greatest snob—the most obsequious† (73). Woolf utilizes Whitbread as a figure for the upper class’ worst characteristics by being hypocritical, vain, and snobbish, but Woolf also highlights the negative qualities of the lower class through Miss Kilman. In a reflection about Miss Kilman, Clarissa notes how â€Å"insensitive was she, dressed in a green mackintosh coat...making you feel her superiority, your inferiority; how poor she was; how rich you were† (14). Woolf writes Miss Kilman as the representative of the poor’s hatred for the upper class because she resents and envies their freedom from struggles and hardships. Steinbeck similarly examines the poor’s resentment of the upper class through the interactions between the migrant farmers and the upper class. Steinbeck captures the ire of the migrants at the wastefulness and selfishness of the upper class by showing that â€Å"in theShow MoreRelatedThe Hours - Film Analysis12007 Words   |  49 Pagesnovel (229-30), and his central intertext taken from fiction, Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway. By entitling his novel The Hours -- one of the titles Woolf considered for her novel in its early stages (Hussey 172)--he shows his indebtedness as a postmodernist writer to one of the principal texts of the modernist canon. In The Hours, all three narrative strands are in one way or the other connected to Mrs. Dalloway: the sections entitled Mrs. Woolf follow the author Virginia Woolf through a single day in 1923

Depression, Types and Causes - 1124 Words

Depression: types and causes. 1 Burgundy Carroll COM 150, Effective Essay Writing June 4, 2010 Jennifer Lloyd 2 Depression is very common; it may be as simple as a change in the weather or as difficult as a chemical imbalance in the brain. There are many different types of depression. I am going to choose just a few, to look at a little closer. The types of depression I am going to talk about are important to me, and may very well be important to you and you may not be aware of it yet. Major depression and Post Partum are the most common. Depression may be as simple as a change in the weather or as difficult as a chemical†¦show more content†¦Psychotic depression is more severe than major depression. Along with the depression come hallucinations or delusions. Yet again there is no known cause for psychotic depression; it is another genetically passed disorder. As well as passing it down to our children, it can start off as a simple form depression that goes undiagnosed and untreated for far too long. Now we have come to a very common form of depression for women; postpartum depression. If you have ever had a child, you probably have had a form of postpartum depression. This type is cause by emotional, physical and behavioral changes that occur after child birth. Postpartum depression is a form of major depression and usually shows up three to four weeks after having a baby. The obvious cause of postpartum being child birth is caused by the woman body producing an abundant amount of estrogen and progesterone. These two hormones are supposed to drop back down to their normal levels about three days after giving birth. In some cases, that doesn’t happen. 5 I am still in the process of finding the right medication for myself. I am not exactly sure what form I have, but I have a chemical imbalance, my mother has major depression and I have had some very traumatic things happen to me as a child. I was sexually molested by myShow MoreRelatedSerious Disorders in America: Clinical Depression Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagesare related to depression. Clinical Depression is a very serious disorder that affects millions of people in the United States every year. There are many reasons for depression and there are also many signs and symptoms that can help you to identify depression that is affecting someone close to you. Depression can be treated in different forms weather it is through the use of anti depressants, coping, cognitive-behavioral and psychotherapy. There are many situations that can cause each person toRead MoreDepression : Depression And Depression1363 Words   |  6 Pagesone out of ten Americans have so me form of depression at any given time, and another study by NIH states that over 15 million people have depression in any given year (Depression The Gale). There are many different parts to depression such as: what depression is, what leads up to depression, and the treatment for the depression. Depression is a disorder depicted by sadness, inactivity, having a hard time concentrating (Depression The Gale). Depression is a disturbance of a person’s mood (â€Å"DepressiveRead MoreDepression : The Common Misconception Of Depression1366 Words   |  6 PagesSelanis May 27, 2013 Psych C Block Depression Nowadays Depression is a term that is often misused in society, the common misconception of depression is being sad for one or two days, but depression is much more severe than being sad or upset for a short period of time. Merriam- Webster Dictionary defines depression as â€Å" A serious medical condition in which a person feels very sad, hopeless, and unimportant and is often unable to live in a normal way.† Depression is usually a long period of sadnessRead MoreDepression : Depression And Depression1249 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: DEPRESSION Depression Professional Psychology Brittany Nunez Kean University DEPRESSION Depression Depression is known as the â€Å"common cold† of all mental disorders and conditions. Over 350 million globally suffer from depression. Depression is a mood disorder that causes feelings of persistent sadness and anxiety. It is a serious condition can impact a person’s mind and body. Depression affects many aspects of a victims lives. It impairs our ability to performRead MoreDepression Essay : Depression : The Causes Of Depression893 Words   |  4 PagesDepression Depression affects many people in today’s society for a number of reasons. Depression is a serious disorder, numerous people are affected by it. However, there are places to go that give help that people with depression need. To begin, depression is a disorder that affects a great deal of people. According to Mayo Clinic, â€Å"Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest† (â€Å"Overview,† n.d.). There are many causes to why people have depressionRead MoreDepression : Symptoms And Treatment Essay1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Depression? Depression is a condition in which a person feels discouraged, sad, hopeless, unmotivated, or disinterested in life in general (Depression II). Depression is a serious mental illness that does the aforementioned as well as much more. When a person is depressed, it can interfere with daily and normal functioning as well as can cause pain for the person with it and those around them, and this is what doctors call ‘Clinical Depression’. Depression is more than just a simple sadness;Read MoreDepression : An Endless Battle956 Words   |  4 PagesDepression: An Endless Battle Out of the many psychological disorders that affect people in the world today, there is no more serious disorder than depression. Depression can be defined as a particular type of disorder that affects an individual’s mood in a negative or undesirable manner, which is definitely something that should not be taken lightly. The reason that believe this, is because often at times, depression can end in tragedy. As someone who was able to beat depression at a younger ageRead MoreNegative Effects Of Teen Depression1437 Words   |  6 PagesTeen depression ultimately impacts this society generation . Recognizing the signs and diagnostics that could prevent teenagers with this mental illness. , Be aware there are several different types of depression . Teens from one or more types. Teenage depression, it’s becoming a problem in today’s society. However, Depression, it’s a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and lost of interest also called clinical depression, it’s affects how you feel , think , andRead MoreTeen Depression Essay749 Words   |  3 Pages Teen depression ultimately impacts this society generation . Recognizing the signs and diagnostics that could prevent teenagers with this mental illness. , Be aware there are several different types of depression . Teens from one or more types. Teenage depression is becoming a problem in today’s society. However, Depression, it’s a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and lost of interest also called clinical depression it affects how you feel , thinkRead MoreDepression : Symptoms And Symptoms1545 Words   |  7 PagesDepression is a well-known disease all around the world. Everyone thinks that they know what depression is. They deduce that depression is just about being sad, that anyone with it can just be happy whenever they want, and it comes without any symptoms. That s not what depression is. It s way more complex and complicated than that. Depression is an illness that really affects the brain and the person suffering from it. What is depression? Depression is a serious mood disorder that causes a constant

The Negative Effects Of Foster Care - 1324 Words

For many years, foster care has been a difficult subject throughout our society. When the idea of foster care comes to mind, many immediately think of screaming children, distressed parenting and uphill battles. Before foster care existed in the United States, orphaned children were sent to orphanages. While these institutions were often the best option available to children with nowhere else to go, they often lacked the necessary staff, structure and resources to adequately care for all of the children in need. As a result, some orphanages were overcrowded, and children lived in poor conditions. Some children even died due to the lack of sufficient care (Adoptions, 2017). In order to give children better living situations, the United†¦show more content†¦Problem behavior in the foster children was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which measures the domains of behavior problems and social competence in children. The results of this questionnaire were calcu lated into three scores: an Internalizing score, an Externalizing score, and a Total Problem score. The results of the study showed that there was a negative correlation with positive parenting and problem behavior. When foster mothers showed their foster children positive parenting styles, such as involvement with the child, there were less signs of problem behavior observed in the foster child. On the other hand, factors such as discipline, harsh punishment, and negative control were positive correlated. If foster mothers showed an increase in these factors in their parenting, there were more signs of problem behavior observed in the foster child. In using negative parenting strategies, this breaks the positive relationship wth the foster child, thus increasing problem behavior. Because of the age groups of the children in the study, these findings may be applicable towards both children in foster care as well as those children who are not in foster care. Even with these strengths , there are limitations to this study. The design is the first limitation. The longitudinal design of this study, as well as the modest radius of the subject pool, made for this to beShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Foster Care3271 Words   |  14 PagesWill Mohamed Mrs. Landgrebe Advanced Composition/ 3 21 December 2014 The Negative Effects of Foster Care: RD â€Å"Family is forever.† Many people believe that this quote happens to be true. Everyone wants to believe that their family will always be there for them, and support the decisions that they make. For a normal family is quote would be accurate. On the other hand, there are families that will not be together forever. This is not just a choice that these certain families make, it is forced uponRead MoreFoster Care Literature Review882 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Foster care is a growing epidemic in the United States. Youth who are involved in foster care are more likely to have contact with the criminal justice system, become addicts, and not be able to find employment. As a society we try to care for the child as best as we can. The average cost to help provide for a child is roughly $11,000 per year. The rate of a child being neglected in foster care is much higher than a child living with biological parents that’s being neglected. A childRead MoreEffects Of Being A Foster Child1155 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Being a Foster Child 1 Effects of Being a Foster Child Ashleigh Martinez Arapahoe Community College â€Æ' Effects of Being a Foster Child 2 Abstract Foster care is designed to be a temporary living situation until a permanent home is available. Although there are positives of foster care, there can be negatives as well. It is important to be cognizant of both in order to prevent the potential harmful outcomes of foster care, and to make it a more beneficial experienceRead MoreEffects Of Being A Foster Care On Children And Adolescents1219 Words   |  5 PagesKom Kunyosing Cause and Effect Essay November 16, 2015 Effects of being in foster care on children and adolescents Being in foster care can either have a positive effect on someone or it could have a very negative effect on someone. In my case, it not only had a positive effect but it also had some downfalls. Most often times children/adolescents are placed in foster care because it is a safer environment for them to live in. Foster care is positive in many waysRead MoreA Deeper Look Into Child Welfare Services1039 Words   |  5 Pagesare programs designed to protect children. There are foster care, group homes, and other services for children safety. The Child Protective Services in Alabama has the sole purpose of helping children in cases of neglect and abuse (Child Protective Services). These services include foster care programs where children who are at risk of harm from birth family, or who suffers from mental, emotional, or physical issues. These services provide care to all children who meet the state qualifications andRead MoreChild Maltreatment And The Child Welfare System Essay1 558 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Foster care is defined as an out of home placement outside of the biological family. Individuals are placed in foster care due to some form of child maltreatment, rather it be sexual abuse, neglect, and/or physical abuse. Adolescents who age out of the foster care system are between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one years old who are still in the child welfare system and have not been adopted. Aging out of the foster care systems means that adolescents currently in the child welfareRead MoreCommon Examples Of Child Protective Service1687 Words   |  7 Pagesgenerally removed from their home and placed into a foster home in attempts to keep them safe (Carlson, Egeland Lawrence, 2006). Common examples of Child Protective Service (CPS) referrals include physical abuse, sexual abuse, and psychological maltreatment (McWey Mullis, 2004). In 2001 it was estimated that nearly 542,000 children were in foster care in the United States and that the number of children in foster care excee ded the number of available foster homes by nearly 30-40% (Carlson, Egeland LawrenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Children On Foster Care1286 Words   |  6 PagesImproving Foster Care Homes: The Effects of Children in Foster Care In America it is stated that 1 in every 84 children live in foster care circumstances via Statistics on Foster Care. There is a numerous amount of contrasting children from various backgrounds and ages living within these special housing homes, and many are repeatedly in and out from unstable circumstances. As children grow and mature into the new faces of the world, they face many obstacles and tribulations that will alter theirRead MoreFoster Care Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesFoster care is care for children outside the home that substitutes for parental care. The child may be placed with a family, relatives or strangers, in a group home (where up to a dozen foster children live under the continuous supervision of a parental figure), or in an institution (McDonald). No matter the form of placement, this type of upheaval in a young child’s life is bound to cause the need for many adjustments. Aside from having to adjust to a different family, peers, schooling and possiblyR ead MoreShould Children Of Alcoholic Parents Be Placed? Foster Care? Essay950 Words   |  4 PagesShould children of alcoholic parents be placed in foster care? Alcoholism is a disease caused by an excessive consumption of alcoholic substances. Alcoholism causes many psychological and behavioral problems which include disruption of social and work life, hand tremors, blackouts, obsessive desire to drink, inclination towards violence, among other problems. Alcoholism might cause violent reaction towards other people, usually the people who suffer of these violent reactions are the ones that are

IEP for Student with Disability

Question: Discuss about the IEP for Student with Disability. Answer: Education is the fundamental prerogative for any child regardless of his gender, race or physical state and teachers are entitled to realize that basic right for the students suffering from any kind of disabilities (Mitchell, 2014). These students, bearing the difficulties of disability are usually viewed by the society as disadvantaged and weak section of society attached minimum value with them. Hence, these children are likely to miss the opportunity to have education like any other children of their age. It is due to their personal limitations that affect their psychological state as well as their academic performance (Cortiella Horowitz, 2014). It is the duty of the teachers to draw out a specific educational plan for these specially abled students so that they can be included in the main stream of education. The Australian government has spread its hands by formulating Disability Standards for Education Act, 2005 the purpose of which is to eliminate any discrimination in the educational centers and according to section 22 of this Act, it has become unlawful if the educational authority seeks to impose any discrimination against the student based on any disability of him or her. The Standards of this law are secondary legislation, which entails object of the Act ("Disability Standards for Education 2005", 2006). These Standards elaborate the lawful obligations of these in the context of education and further clarifies the objective of the Act. The student for whom an educational plan is needed to be devised has been suffering from multiple disabilities such as intellectual disability, vision impairment and Autism Spectrum Disorder. The student is about 10 years old and he needs special teaching and learning considerations by applying well-thought teaching strategies regarding both the macro and micro environmental educational situations (Ledford Wehby, 2015). Children at such a young age with multiple disabilities faces unique challenges that are difficult to comprehend for a person with no such impairment. Consequently, their educational needs are bound to be different from the rest (Friend Bursuck, 2002). In the first place, the enrolment standards have to be regulated by the education provider ensuring that the prospective student can be admitted in his desired institution and curriculum as the standards on the same basis as any prospective student having no disability. In the case of this specific student, the first impediment he comes across is to communicate his needs freely with others or make others understand his wants due to Autism. Unless he is able to communicate or means for his communication are arranged it is not possible to impart him anything. The second hindrance the student faces is in learning abstract ideas and concepts. The probable reason behind this is his intellectual disability, which makes him impaired in reaso ning, problem solving and learning anything analytical (Duncan, 2014). His third disability i.e. visual impairment can however, easily be overcome though it causes obstruction in motor development. This kind of children are likely to have intense needs, which signifies that delays in meeting their needs has had a general pervasive impact on their development. While imparting education to the students with multiple disabilities such as this referred child, a professional must address his physical, medical, emotional, social and certainly, learning needs. Considering the fact that the child has acute chronic health necessities, the teaching professionals along with his family members have to work together in order to ensure an improved learning experience for him (Krawec et al. 2013). In addition, a child with multiple disabilities needs assistance in engaging with interactions with other individuals in order to communicate their needs. A teacher must be even more cautious while deali ng with these children as it is only after entering in the school that they start to identify the subtle differences between them and others. Such as a child needs a customized educational environment with reasonable adjustment that balances the interest of both the student and the teacher. Probably the most useful mean of ensuring learning success of students with disabilities is to involve their families or carers in the education process of them. For these students the family engagement and advocacy is more important than peer engagement for others as they are likely to communicate comfortably through them (Alberto Troutman, 2012). The carers and the family members play important supporting roles in the form of their advocates; these are the people, who can act as effective pillars in the learning system by providing significant insights into the specific needs of the students to the teachers. It will also be helpful for the instructors who, at times may feel impelled to meet the requirements of the students with diverse disabilities. It often happens that in the process of imparting education to students with disabilities structural, emotional and pedagogical factors blend up creating extra complexity and demanding extra effort from everyone engaged (Duncan, 2014). However, the mutual effort of parents or carers and the educators enhances the possibility that these children will gain a successful and positive academic experience. The parental and carer involvement is bound be a success since it accommodates enough time for the carers and parents to articulate their concerns regarding their childrens development, ask questions when required as well as offer suggestions regarding the programming of IEP. Besides, it is also a fact that parents or carers need to be educated first about how to become an integral part of their childrens education and overall development process. Being educated about the language of impairment and professional jargon help the parents or the carers to comprehend the educational process even more easily. On the other hand, educators may also feel challenged in involving the family members and carers in the process of Individualized Education Program (IEP) and that accommodating this extra necessity in the IEP demands extra effort, energy and time on the instructors part. Although challenges are innumerable, strong partnerships between school and family or carers grounded on consistent involvement and ongoing communication can certainly help to alleviate various concerns of both the families and the educators (Smith et al. 2015). The most advantageous side of the parental involvement is that it offers the parents a sense of autonomy and equips them with the knowledge of schools responsibilities and reduces the feeling of alienation that they feel. The essay discusses learning and teaching practices for the student with multiple disabilities of intellectual disability, vision impairment and Autism Spectrum Disorder. In order to address all his disabilities it is very important to devise comprehensive individual education program for the student systematically (Wong et al. 2015). In the first place, it should be identified what strengths the student possess. It has been observed that the student is very fond of woodcarving rather than in any academic tasks. He loves to find meaning in the objects that he makes and attempts to find connections with the words or concepts that he has newly learned (Ballard, 2016). Besides, he exhibits a great amount of interest in science related topics. The second step to design IEP for him is to gather information about his medical past from his family so that required amount of precaution can be taken according to the advice of the doctors. The next step is to assess the students academic abilit y through a series of tests like MAP, MCA, MTAS, Whole-to-Part, Bridge and Progress Monitoring ("Models of Best Practice in the Education of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders", 2011). Considering his visual disability, the teacher has to adopt a number of teaching strategies that will ease the learning process for the students. While giving any instructions, the teacher must keep them brief and straightforward as much as possible. Due to his Autism, it can be that the teacher may have to repeat the instructions; however, the educator, in this case must be careful to repeat the instructions exactly in the same way without paraphrasing. The assignments for the student should be specially designed considering his strengths and points of interests and he must have a clear idea about the course requirements, exam dates and the submission date of these assignments. The lecture system should be demonstrated or explained in more than one way; in this way, the student will have a visua l impression of it in his mind ("Models of Best Practice in the Education of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders", 2011). While teaching, previous lessons should be reviewed periodically and objectives should be stated clearly. It has been observed from the studies that Autistic students tend to become confused easily so they must be given fewer choices and the choices should be close ended. Besides, as the child has speech impairment too, while communicating with him the teacher must show patience and take help from experts and his carers and family members. The teaching strategy for this special student must include the most important factor, motivation. It is critical to his learning and attention since being aware of what interests the student will help the teacher to engage him in non-preferred activities by connecting his favored areas with those of the activities (Stoesz et al. 2016). Several systematic approaches and intervention procedures can help in communicating with the referred student with specified disabilities. The concept of Applied Behavior Analysis assists in understanding the behavioral function, controlling interactions and environmental situations prior to behavior and regulating responses on the students part. Another education model of Discrete Trial Teaching is also relevant in the curriculum of the student. It suggests to break down each skill into small stages and then is taught by prompts. Gradually, when the student masters the steps they are eliminated one by one. This model is likely to help managing the students educational program. Considering his visual disability, Van Dijk Methods and Thematic Instruction process can also be brought into use to diminish the level of difficulty that the child faces while receiving education. Kinaestheticlearning approach refers the students to learn things while accomplishing physical or other activitie s; this grows interest in the students about the things being taught rather than only listening to lectures. Apart from designing learning curriculum and teaching strategies, a teacher is also responsible for improving his behavioral functions especially in this case of autistic child. A child-centered intervention focusing on pivotal or critical behaviors (Pivotal Response Treatment), likely to influence a wide range of his behaviors must be brought into use. A teacher must understand how the students inappropriately developed cognitive function affects him with Intellectual Disability. Understanding this fundamental about the students impairment, will enable the teacher to manage his curriculum properly and to build an easy communication with him (Morrier, Hess Heflin, 2011). His curriculum must integrate mathematical instructions, reading and writing tutoring into the daily activities of him. Keeping his visual impairment in mind, it will be better if the medium of teaching can be assisted with special technical equipment or computer software. However, managing curriculum is not enough for the student; rather a teacher should focus on managing his learning environment according to his needs. The teacher has to ensure providing the student a safe, supportive, equitable and positive environment for learning (Fishman Nickerson, 2015). However, interventions will vary with time according to the students development in learning and behavioral functions. The aim of education is to provide an individual person with a public education, which will meet his unique individual requirements irrespective of his physical or mental condition. The discussion of this essay intending to design an Individual Education Plan for a special child concludes that such a child with multiple disabilities requires intense care and support to grow confidence in learning. The teaching principles devised for him must be child-centric and according to his physical and emotional requirement. The biggest challenge in this case is to regulate and manage his emotions and to build up easy communication with him. Involving his parents or carer in this context will be of great help. Besides, the teacher will have to select teaching models very carefully as the student has more than one disability. Implication of any special teaching theory aiming at any particular disability will be inappropriate in this case; rather the student needs comprehensive integration of sev eral teaching theories or models that will separately address all his limitations at the same time. Consideration of all these factors while designing the IEP of the student will certainly meet the educational needs of him and help him grow a positive attitude towards school learning. References: Alberto, P. A., Troutman, A. C. (2012).Applied behavior analysis for teachers. Pearson Higher Ed. Ballard, K. (2016). Children and disability: Special or included.Waikato Journal of Education,10(1). Cortiella, C., Horowitz, S. H. (2014). The state of learning disabilities: Facts, trends and emerging issues.New York: National Center for Learning Disabilities. Disability Standards for Education 2005. (2006). Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://docs.education.gov.au/system/files/doc/other/disability_standards_for_education_2005_plus_guidance_notes.pdf Duncan, N. (2014). A Cross Disability: Visual Impairment and Autism. Retrieved from https://www.visionaware.org/blog/visually-impaired-now-what/a-cross-disability-visual-impairment-and-autism/12 Fishman, C. E., Nickerson, A. B. (2015). Motivations for involvement: A preliminary investigation of parents of students with disabilities.Journal of Child and Family Studies,24(2), 523-535. Friend, M., Bursuck, W. D. (2002).Including students with special needs: A practical guide for classroom teachers. Allyn Bacon, A Pearson Education Company, 75 Arlington Street, Boston, MA 02116. Krawec, J., Huang, J., Montague, M., Kressler, B., Melia de Alba, A. (2013). The effects of cognitive strategy instruction on knowledge of math problem-solving processes of middle school students with learning disabilities.Learning Disability Quarterly,36(2), 80-92. Ledford, J. R., Wehby, J. H. (2015). Teaching children with autism in small groups with students who are at-risk for academic problems: Effects on academic and social behaviors.Journal of autism and developmental disorders,45(6), 1624-1635. Lieberman, L. J. (2016). Visual impairments.Adapted Physical Education and Sport, 6E, 235. Mitchell, D. (2014).What really works in special and inclusive education: Using evidence-based teaching strategies. Routledge. Models of Best Practice in the Education of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders. (2011). Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.doe.virginia.gov/special_ed/disabilities/autism/technical_asst_documents/autism_models_of_best_practice.pdf Morrier, M. J., Hess, K. L., Heflin, L. J. (2011). Teacher training for implementation of teaching strategies for students with autism spectrum disorders.Teacher Education and Special Education: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children,34(2), 119-132. Smith, T. E., Polloway, E. A., Patton, J. R., Dowdy, C. A., Doughty, T. T. (2015).Teaching students with special needs in inclusive settings. Pearson. Stoesz, B. M., Shooshtari, S., Montgomery, J., Martin, T., Heinrichs, D. J., Douglas, J. (2016). Reduce, manage or cope: a review of strategies for training school staff to address challenging behaviours displayed by students with intellectual/developmental disabilities.Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs,16(3), 199-214. Wong, C., Odom, S. L., Hume, K. A., Cox, A. W., Fettig, A., Kucharczyk, S., ... Schultz, T. R. (2015). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive review.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,45(7), 1951-1966.